Monday, October 1, 2007

More U.S. Military for Africa

US Opens Africa Command HQ in Germany


Oct 1st, 2007 | BERLIN -- The U.S military's contentious new command covering Africa began operating on Monday from a base in Germany, and will be gradually brought to full capacity over the next year, a military spokesman said.

But several African leaders have expressed doubt about the command's necessity, saying they want to avoid foreign troops on their soil.

The U.S. Africa Command headquarters, known as Africom, is being created to help African security forces tackle regional crises and terrorist threats — a nod to the continent's increasing strategic importance.

The command begins with a staff of 120 under Gen. William E. "Kip" Ward and will increase to about 800 over the next year, said Air Force Maj. John Dorrian, a spokesman for U.S. European Command in Stuttgart.

It will initially operate from the U.S. Kelley Barracks in Stuttgart, but diplomatic efforts are still under way to find a permanent location in Africa, Dorrian said.

"No final decisions have been made about the final location of the headquarters," he said.

Liberia is the only country to publicly offer to host the command, though U.S. officials say other nations have made private offers.

Still, the plans have met with sharp resistance from many other African nations, most recently Nigeria, which angled to block the headquarters from being established in the Gulf of Guinea region.

"The Africom initiative has raised a lot of interest and attracted a lot of attention because ... Africa has to avoid the presence of foreign forces on her soil," South African Defense Minister Mosiuoa Lekota said in August.

Last month, however, senior Pentagon official Ryan Henry denied the new command represented a "militarization" of U.S. relations with Africa. "This represents no change in policy," Henry insisted. "There are a lot of myths and rumors out there."

Under the U.S. military's system of regional headquarters, responsibility for Africa has been split between the Pacific Command, Central Command, and European Command.

Over the next year programs currently overseen by those commands — like joint training exercises and humanitarian operations — will be taken over by Africom, Dorrian said.

The U.S. plan foresees a small headquarters, and five regional teams spread around the continent. The Pentagon has emphasized it is not building new bases.

"Plans call for the footprint of U.S. forces to be small," Dorrian said.

Africom is a so-called "unified combatant command" that will be made up of all branches of the military, as well as civilians from not only the Defense and State Departments, but also the Agriculture, Treasury and Commerce Departments, as well as USAID.

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Tuesday, March 6, 2007

Somalia: Who's on First?

A helpful chronology of recent events in Somalia, courtesy of reuters.

March 6 (Reuters) - Insurgents attacked the airport in Mogadishu on Tuesday and fought a heavy battle with government and Ethiopian troops as Ugandan peacekeepers arrived in Somalia's lawless capital. Here is a chronology of recent events in Somalia:

Oct. 2004 - In 14th attempt since 1991 to restore central government, lawmakers elect Ethiopian-backed warlord Abdullahi Yusuf as president. In December, new Prime Minister Mohamed Ali Gedi swears in 27 ministers in Kenya.

Feb. 2006 - Lawmakers arrive in the southern city of Baidoa for the first meeting of the country's parliament on home soil. June 2006 - The Somalia Islamic Courts Council (SICC) seizes the capital Mogadishu from U.S.-backed warlords and takes control of parts of southern Somalia. The interim government and the SICC recognise each other in their first direct talks.

Sept. 25 - President Yusuf escapes a bomb attack that kills five outside parliament in Baidoa. -- Islamist fighters take over the southern port of Kismayo, Somalia's third largest city.

Oct. 9 - Islamists declare holy war against Ethiopia, which they accuse of invading Somalia to help the government.

Nov. 30 - Ethiopia's parliament votes to let its government take necessary steps to rebuff any invasion by the Islamists. Dec. 12 - Islamists tell Ethiopia to leave Somalia within seven days or face war.

Dec. 19 - Fighting starts following the end of the deadline.

Dec. 24 - Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi says he is waging war against the Islamists to protect his country's sovereignty, in Ethiopia's first public admission of military involvement in Somalia.

Dec. 28 - Islamists flee Mogadishu ahead of a joint Ethiopian and Somali government force which captures the city.

Dec. 31 - Somali Prime Minister Gedi enters Mogadishu.

Jan. 1, 2007 - Islamists abandon defences at Kismayu.

Jan. 8 - President Yusuf arrives in Mogadishu for the first time since he became president in 2004.

-- U.S. aircraft strike the southern village of Hayo, after it was believed that at least one al Qaeda suspect was sheltering there. Ethiopian and Somali troops had chased the Islamists' last remnants to the area.

Jan. 13 - Parliament declares a three-month state of emergency amid fears of a return to clan violence. Jan. 17 - Parliament ousts powerful speaker Sharif Hassan Sheikh Adan, who split with the president and prime minister late last year over his peace overtures to rival Islamists.

Jan. 17 - Parliament ousts powerful speaker Sharif Hassan Sheikh Adan, who split with the president and prime minister late last year over his peace overtures to rival Islamists.

Jan. 23 - Ethiopian forces begin leaving Mogadishu.

Feb. 20 - U.N. Security Council authorizes an African Union peacekeeping mission for Somalia for six months. March 6 - Some 350 Ugandan troops land at Mogadishu airport amidst pitch battles between insurgents and government and Ethiopian troops.

March 1 - A Ugandan vanguard of an African Union peace force to help the interim government flies into Baidoa.

March 6 - Some 350 Ugandan troops land at Mogadishu airport amidst pitch battles between insurgents and government and Ethiopian troops.

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Monday, March 5, 2007

Citizen Bono Brings Africa to Idle Rich